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Global warming potential of greenhouse gases relative to CO2

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CO2 & Greenhouse Gas EmissionsClimate Change

What you should know about this indicator

  • Global warming potential (GWP) values are used to convert greenhouse gases into a carbon dioxide equivalent metric by multiplying emissions in mass terms by their respective GWP factors.
  • For example, a GWP value of 25 for a certain gas means that one tonne of that ags has 25 times the warming impact of one tonne of carbon dioxide.
Global warming potential of greenhouse gases relative to CO2
measures the relative warming impact of one unit mass of a greenhouse gas relative to carbon dioxide.
Source
IPCC (2021) – with minor processing by
Last updated
November 6, 2023
Next expected update
May 2025
Date range
2021–2021

Related research and writing

Thumbnail

Greenhouse gas emissions

Hannah Ritchie, Pablo Rosado, and Max Roser

Sources and processing

This data is based on the following sources

Global warming potential for a 100-year time horizon (GWP-100) for a selection of greenhouse gases.

Retrieved on
November 6, 2023
Retrieved from
Citation
This is the citation of the original data obtained from the source, prior to any processing or adaptation by . To cite data downloaded from this page, please use the suggested citation given in Reuse This Work below.
Working Group I (WGI) Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Chapter 7: The Earth's Energy Budget, Climate Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity.
Data extracted from the Supplementary Materials, Table 7.SM.7: Greenhouse gas lifetimes, radiative efficiencies, global warming potentials (GWPs), global temperature potentials (GTPs) and cumulative global temperature potentials (CGTPs).
Forster, P., T. Storelvmo, K. Armour, W. Collins, J.-L. Dufresne, D. Frame, D.J. Lunt, T. Mauritsen, M.D. Palmer, M. Watanabe, M. Wild, and H. Zhang, 2021: The Earth's Energy Budget, Climate Feedbacks, and Climate Sensitivity. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 923-1054, .

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Citations

How to cite this page

To cite this page overall, including any descriptions, FAQs or explanations of the data authored by , please use the following citation:

“Data Page: Global warming potential of greenhouse gases relative to CO2”, part of the following publication: Hannah Ritchie, Pablo Rosado, and Max Roser (2023) - “CO₂ and Greenhouse Gas Emissions”. Data adapted from IPCC. Retrieved from /grapher/global-warming-potential-of-greenhouse-gases-over-100-year-timescale-gwp [online resource]
How to cite this data

In-line citationIf you have limited space (e.g. in data visualizations), you can use this abbreviated in-line citation:

IPCC (2021) – with minor processing by

Full citation

IPCC (2021) – with minor processing by . “Global warming potential of greenhouse gases relative to CO2” [dataset]. IPCC, “IPCC 6th Assessment Report, Working Group I, Chapter 7 Supplementary Material” [original data]. Retrieved April 29, 2025 from /grapher/global-warming-potential-of-greenhouse-gases-over-100-year-timescale-gwp